REXROTH力士樂(lè)柱塞泵現(xiàn)貨供應(yīng)

德國(guó)REXROTH力士樂(lè)柱塞泵依靠柱塞與缸體內(nèi)孔面來(lái)形成密封工作容積的。由于柱塞與缸體內(nèi)孔均為圓柱表面，因此加工方便，配合精度高，密封性能好。故柱塞泵常做成高壓泵。
 優(yōu)點(diǎn)：壓力高、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、效率高及流量調(diào)節(jié)方便。
 缺點(diǎn)：結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，價(jià)格較貴。
 柱塞泵按柱塞排列方向的不同，分為軸向柱塞泵和徑向柱塞泵。在此，簡(jiǎn)要介紹軸向柱塞泵和回轉(zhuǎn)式徑向柱塞泵。
 – 斜軸結(jié)構(gòu)軸向柱塞變量泵，用于開(kāi)式回路的液壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。
 　　– 適用于工程機(jī)械或工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。
 　　– 多種變量方式適用于各種控制和調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)程。
 　　– 堅(jiān)固的驅(qū)動(dòng)軸圓錐滾子軸承使泵結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，壽命長(zhǎng)。
 　　– 輸出流量與轉(zhuǎn)速和排量成正比，排量從Vg max至Vg min＝0無(wú)級(jí)可調(diào)。

REXROTH力士樂(lè)柱塞泵現(xiàn)貨供應(yīng)

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：唐玙昺

：   

上海穎哲工業(yè)自動(dòng)化設(shè)備有限公司
上海市黃浦區(qū)北京東路668號(hào)上海科技京城東樓20C2

 1）軸向柱塞泵。圖6-13所示為斜盤(pán)式軸向柱塞泵的工作原理圖，軸向柱塞泵由配流盤(pán)、缸體（轉(zhuǎn)子）、柱塞和斜盤(pán)等主要零件組成。在配流盤(pán)上開(kāi)有兩個(gè)弧形 溝槽，分別與泵的吸、壓油口連通，形成吸油腔和壓油腔。斜盤(pán)、配流盤(pán)均與泵體相固定，柱塞在彈簧的作用下以球形端頭與斜盤(pán)接觸。兩個(gè)弧形溝槽彼此隔開(kāi)，保 持一定的密封性。斜盤(pán)相對(duì)于缸體的夾角為γ。原動(dòng)機(jī)通過(guò)傳動(dòng)軸帶動(dòng)缸體旋轉(zhuǎn)，柱塞就在柱塞孔內(nèi)作軸向往復(fù)滑動(dòng)。處于π～2π范圍內(nèi)的柱塞向外伸出，使其底 部的密封容積增大，將油吸入；處于0～π范圍內(nèi)的柱塞向缸體內(nèi)壓入，使其底部的密封容積減小，把油壓往系統(tǒng)中。
柱塞泵有軸向柱塞泵和徑向柱塞泵?？煞譃椋?/p>

一、徑向柱塞泵
　　徑向柱塞泵是將柱塞徑向排列在缸體內(nèi)，缸體由原動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)連同柱塞一起轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，周期性改變密閉容積的大小，達(dá)到吸、排油的目的。

二、軸向柱塞泵

1.結(jié)構(gòu)和原理
　　　軸向柱塞泵是將多個(gè)柱塞軸向配置在一個(gè)共同缸體的圓周上，并使柱塞中心線和缸體中心線平行的一種泵，軸向柱塞泵有兩種形式，直軸式（斜盤(pán)式）和斜軸式（擺缸式），所示的為直軸式軸向柱塞泵的工作原理，這種泵主要由缸體1、配油盤(pán)2、柱塞3和斜盤(pán)4組成。柱塞沿圓周均勻分布在缸體內(nèi)。斜盤(pán)與缸體軸線傾斜一角度γ，柱塞靠機(jī)械裝置或低壓油作用下壓緊在斜盤(pán)上（圖中為彈簧），配油盤(pán)2和斜盤(pán)4固定不轉(zhuǎn)，當(dāng)原動(dòng)機(jī)通過(guò)傳動(dòng)軸使缸體轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)，由于斜盤(pán)的作用，迫使柱塞在缸體內(nèi)作往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，并通過(guò)配油盤(pán)的配油窗口進(jìn)行吸油和壓油?；剞D(zhuǎn)方向，當(dāng)缸體轉(zhuǎn)角在π～2π范圍內(nèi)，柱塞向外伸出，柱塞底部的密封工作容積增大，通過(guò)配油盤(pán)的吸油窗口吸油；在0～π范圍內(nèi)，柱塞被斜盤(pán)推入缸體，使密封容積減小，通過(guò)配油盤(pán)的壓油窗口壓油。缸體每轉(zhuǎn)一周，每個(gè)柱塞各完成吸、壓油一次，如改變斜盤(pán)傾角γ，可改變液壓泵的排量，改變斜盤(pán)傾角方向，就能改變吸油和壓油的方向，成為雙向變量泵。

2.排量和流量計(jì)算：
D：分布圓直徑 d:柱塞直徑 z:柱塞數(shù)
柱塞泵-高壓泵，對(duì)元件的精度要求高，制造成本高

3.柱塞泵特點(diǎn)：
（1） 柱塞和缸體配合間隙容易控制，密封性好，容積斜率高0.93-0.95。
（2） 采用滑履與回程盤(pán)裝置，避免球頭的頭接觸。
（3） 高壓泵，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，價(jià)格貴，使用環(huán)境要求高。
（4） 柱塞數(shù)通常為7、9、11個(gè)，單數(shù)，減小脈動(dòng)。
（5） 排量取決于泵的斜盤(pán)傾角γ。
柱塞泵是利用柱塞和柱塞套的相對(duì)滑動(dòng)改變?nèi)莘e來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)吸油和排油的，尾部有兩個(gè)單向閥，塞和套之間靠間隙和油的粘度來(lái)密封。
 
柱塞泵工作原理:柱塞泵往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的總行程L是由凸輪的升級(jí)所決定的，所以總行程是不變的。柱塞每一次循環(huán)的供油量的大小取決于供油行程，供油行程是可變的，供油開(kāi)始是時(shí)刻不隨供油行業(yè)的變化而變化，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)柱塞可以改變供油終了時(shí)刻，從而改變供油量。在柱塞泵工作時(shí)，在凸輪和柱塞彈簧的作用下，迫使柱塞上下往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，從而完成柱塞泵的三個(gè)工作過(guò)程，即：進(jìn)油過(guò)程、供油過(guò)程、回油過(guò)程。

進(jìn)油過(guò)程：當(dāng)凸輪的凸起部分轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去以后，在柱塞彈簧的作用力下，柱塞會(huì)向下運(yùn)動(dòng)，這時(shí)柱塞的上部空間產(chǎn)生真空度，當(dāng)柱塞上端面把柱塞套上的進(jìn)油孔打開(kāi)以后，充滿在柱塞泵上體油道內(nèi)的液體經(jīng)進(jìn)油孔進(jìn)入柱塞上部空間，（上部真空空間也叫泵油室），當(dāng)柱塞運(yùn)動(dòng)到下卡點(diǎn)時(shí)，進(jìn)油過(guò)程結(jié)束。

供油過(guò)程：當(dāng)凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)到凸輪的凸起部分時(shí)，凸輪體被頂起，柱塞彈簧被壓縮，柱塞受彈簧的反作用力后向上運(yùn)動(dòng)，燃油受壓，這時(shí)會(huì)有一部分燃油經(jīng)油孔流回噴油泵上體油腔。當(dāng)柱塞頂面遮住套筒上的進(jìn)油孔上緣時(shí)，由于柱塞和套筒之間的配合間隙很小很小，（在0.0015到0.0025mm之間）使柱塞頂部的柱塞泵油室成為一個(gè)密封的油腔，這時(shí)柱塞在彈簧的作用力下繼續(xù)上升，柱塞泵油室內(nèi)的油壓迅速升高，當(dāng)柱塞泵油壓力大于出油閥彈簧力和高壓油管剩余壓力時(shí)，出油閥被推開(kāi)，高壓油經(jīng)過(guò)出油閥進(jìn)入高壓油管，然后通過(guò)噴油器噴入燃燒室。供油過(guò)程結(jié)束。

回油過(guò)程：當(dāng)柱塞向上供油上升到柱塞的斜槽與套筒上的回油孔相通時(shí)，柱塞泵油室低壓油路便和柱塞頭部的中孔和徑向孔及斜槽溝通，油壓突然下降，這時(shí)出油閥在彈簧力的作用下迅速關(guān)閉，回油過(guò)程結(jié)束。然后柱塞還要上行，當(dāng)凸輪的凸起部分轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去以后，在柱塞彈簧的作用力下柱塞再次下行。這時(shí)又開(kāi)始了下一個(gè)循環(huán)。